IGN-Intensity scale
Intensity scale
Download listing
EVENT: es2021tzcul 2021/10/12 01:31:35 28.5555 -17.8341 13 4.1 NE FUENCALIENTE DE LA PALMA.IL
Updated 2021-10-12 03:47 UTC
RATIO OF INTENSITIES (EMS) AND POPULATIONS
IN WHICH THIS HAS BEEN FEELED Earthquake:
IV LA MONTAÑA, BREÑA BAJA.TF III-IV PUERTO, TAZACORTE.TF III DOS PINOS, EL PASO.TF III EL PUEBLO.TF III EL PUEBLO.TF III HERMOSILLA, LOS LLANOS DE ARIDANE.TF III LA FAJANA, FUENCALIENTE DE LA PALMA.TF III LA ROSA, VILLA DE MAZO.TF III LAS CALETAS, FUENCALIENTE DE LA PALMA.TF III LAS INDIAS, FUENCALIENTE DE LA PALMA.TF III LODERO, VILLA DE MAZO.TF III LOS CANARIOS.TF III LOS LLANOS BY ARIDANE.TF
III MONTE DE LUNA, VILLA DE MAZO.TF
III PALMASOL II, BREÑA ALTA.TF
III SAN PEDRO.TF
II-III EL PASO.TF
II-III LAS LAJITAS, SANTA CRUZ DE LA PALMA.TF
II-III MIRANDA, BREÑA ALTA .TF
II-III TENISCA MOUNTAIN, LOS LLANOS DE LA PALMA.TF
II-III PALMASOL, BREÑA ALTA.TF
II-III RETAMAR, LOS LLANOS DE ARIDANE.TF
II-III SANTA CRUZ DE LA PALMA.TF
II-III TENDIÑA, EL PASO.TF
II LA CALDERETA, BREÑA ALTA.TF
II LOS
QUEMADOS , FUENCALIENTE DE LA PALMA.TF II TIGALATE, VILLA DE MAZO.TF
2 users say Thank You to jand for this post
12-10-2021, 05:12 AM
(This post was last modified: 12-10-2021, 05:13 AM by jand.)
This is the link to view deformation on the island I am no expert but think yesterday it shows it's slightly rising again.
http://www.ign.es/web/resources/volcanol...10911.html
2 users say Thank You to jand for this post
Drone footage of one of the new lava flows.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IrFmUDuYA04
2 users say Thank You to jand for this post
1 user says Thank You to jand for this post
The Cumbre Vieja volcano exceeds the Teneguía in duration without any signs of exhaustion
The emission of sulfur dioxide and the lava flow have increased in the last three days, so the eruptive activity remains stable
Today the Cumbre Vieja volcano is equal in duration to the Teneguía, whose eruption lasted 24 days , between October 26 and November 18, 1971. It does so without showing any sign of exhaustion. Quite the contrary, since in recent days the emission of sulfur dioxide and lava flows have increased.
“Actually, Teneguía and this volcano are quite similar. In the Canary Islands they are all more or less the same, except for Mount Teide, which has a very bad character ”, explains the retired research professor at the Higher Center for Scientific Research (CSIC), Ramón Ortiz. In any case, despite reasonable similarities, the duration of volcanic activity is unpredictable and highly variable. "It can last several months, like that of El Hierro, which did not bother because it was underwater, or it can be like Timanfaya, which lasted five years, " says the volcanologist about the duration of the historic eruptions in the Canary Islands.
Fortunately, the explosiveness of these volcanoes is limited and they give scope to protect the population, says Ortiz, although he acknowledges that the wash destroys everything in its path. Other volcanoes are much more explosive. The one who sees it, does not count it. The Krakatoa took thousands of people out of sight and the Huaynaputina, in Peru, caused deaths from hunger in Europe, “says the expert about the highly destructive Plinian eruptions.
The volcanologist Ramón Ortiz warns that the modulation of the tide can influence the reactivation of the process
In any case, the questions that everyone is asking, including the more than 6,000 people evicted by the Palmero volcano, are: how long will the eruption last? What are the signs that the activity is beginning to subside?
For the first question, there is no answer, for the second, yes. « At the end of the eruption, the typical thing happens: the decrease in the emission of gases. As long as it remains, it will go a long way, "says Ortiz.
In this sense, it should be noted that in recent days the emission of sulfur dioxide has grown . The scientific committee yesterday estimated the daily tons of SO2 emitted into the atmosphere at 7,652; on Sunday, it was 6,870 and on Saturday, 4,994. However, scientists caution that these estimates are indicative and underestimated. “ It is very difficult to know exactly how much the volcano is emitting. Gas is very difficult to quantify . It takes a lot of work, ”Ortiz points out.
The veteran volcanologist points out that the decrease in the flow of lava is also a good indicator to know when the eruptive activity will begin to subside . Something that is not happening either, according to the data of the advance of the wash that, between Sunday and yesterday, occupied 65 new hectares, the largest daily extension recorded so far, except for the first 24 hours of the eruption.
In addition, the geologist warns of the influence of the Tides in the eruptive process, especially in seismicity . “The modulation of the tide can cause a more active moment. The most active phase is that of the full moon, ”says the researcher. In fact, Ortiz emphasizes that the eruption of La Palma began on September 19, just two days before the full moon.
https://www.canarias7.es/canarias/la-pal...%ADa&vli=_
2 users say Thank You to jand for this post
GFZ task force at the volcanic eruption on La Palma
Josef Zens press and public relations work at the
Helmholtz Center Potsdam - German Research Center for Geosciences GFZ
Lava flow reaches the sea, numerous earthquakes shake the island - GFZ sends team to collect further data
The German GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam (GFZ) has founded a task force and sent a team to La Palma to contribute to the rapid assessment of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes on the island. Together with Spanish institutions, the researchers are investigating the interaction of the eruption with the earthquakes and surface deformations. They use measuring devices on site as well as satellite images and the infrastructure and software from GEOFON.
After fifty years of rest and a three-year seismically active phase, a new volcanic eruption began on September 13, 2021 at Cumbre Vieja on the island of La Palma. The GFZ researchers used satellite radar to determine large-scale deformations that indicate an increase in pressure at depth. The starting point of the eruption was on the central western flank of the volcanic ridge of Cumbre Vieja, not far north of the eruption of 1949. The lava flow is now 6300 meters long, sometimes over 1000 meters wide and in some places 25 meters thick, has more than 600 Houses and numerous streets destroyed. The lava reached the coast on September 28, 2021.
GFZ volcano researcher Thomas Walter says: “As we hear from our team on site, the situation there is still tense. Not only do huge ash clouds form on the eruption crater, the contact of the lava, which is over 1000 degrees Celsius, with the sea water evaporates the water and also the salt molecules it contains. These react to form sometimes poisonous and caustic gases. ”He therefore expressly warns against going in the vicinity without protective equipment. Other dangers must be expected, such as sudden steam gas explosions or the finest ash and glass particles that are transported over many kilometers by the strong wind. The newly forming delta in the sea is growing noticeably, but can unexpectedly give way and break off again.
With increasing magnitudes, the earthquakes move south again, to the center of Cumbre Vieja. The complex Events are not easy to decipher. That is why the GFZ has put together a team of experts to assess the situation using data from remote sensing and computer analyzes as well as data collected on site. Nicole Richter, Alina Shevchenko and Carla Valenzuela Malebran, researchers from the GFZ task force and the Earthquake and Volcano Physics section, set off just a few days after the eruption began. They had numerous scientific instruments such as seismometers, inclinometers, drones and thermal cameras in their luggage.
Already the trip turned out to be surprising and difficult, the airport on La Palma was closed for a short time, a detour via Tenerife followed. The GFZ researchers have now arrived on site, the first stations are online and running. This work was made possible by the collaboration within the GFZ and is closely linked to the activities of other institutes in Spain and Germany. For example, scientists from the GFZ and the Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research GEOMAR in Kiel are planning a combined measurement of Events on land (GFZ) and in the sea (GEOMAR). The first seismic data are now received at the GFZ and at the same time transmitted to the partner IGN in Spain. This makes it easier to determine the position of the increasing earthquakes. The first results are promising. They show an accumulation of earthquakes at a depth of around 12 km, far from the source of the eruption. Do they indicate a magma chamber? How are the eruptions related to the earthquakes and surface deformation? These are the questions that the volcanologists and geophysicists at the GFZ are investigating together with their Spanish and German colleagues. Thomas Walter: “It is still too early to say whether and how this eruption will develop, whether there are other eruption centers - as usual with previous eruptions on La Palma - or whether the volcano will soon be resting again. The great success of science and authorities is already now that despite the relatively large eruption and destruction it remained with property damage. " Do they indicate a magma chamber? How are the eruptions related to the earthquakes and surface deformation? These are the questions that the volcanologists and geophysicists at the GFZ are investigating together with their Spanish and German colleagues. Thomas Walter: “It is still too early to say whether and how this eruption will develop, whether there are other eruption centers - as usual with previous eruptions on La Palma - or whether the volcano will soon be resting again. The great success of science and authorities is already now that despite the relatively large eruption and destruction it remained with property damage. " Do they indicate a magma chamber? How are the eruptions related to the earthquakes and surface deformation? These are the questions that the volcanologists and geophysicists at the GFZ are investigating together with their Spanish and German colleagues. Thomas Walter: “It is still too early to say whether and how this eruption will develop, whether there are other eruption centers - as usual with previous eruptions on La Palma - or whether the volcano will soon be resting again. The great success of science and authorities is already now that despite the relatively large eruption and destruction it remained with property damage. " which the volcanologists and geophysicists of the GFZ pursue together with their Spanish and German colleagues. Thomas Walter: “It is still too early to say whether and how this eruption will develop, whether there are other eruption centers - as usual with previous eruptions on La Palma - or whether the volcano will soon be resting again. The great success of science and authorities is already now that despite the relatively large eruption and destruction it remained with property damage. " which the volcanologists and geophysicists of the GFZ pursue together with their Spanish and German colleagues. Thomas Walter: “It is still too early to say whether and how this eruption will develop, whether there are other eruption centers - as usual with previous eruptions on La Palma - or whether the volcano will soon be resting again. The great success of science and authorities is already now that despite the relatively large eruption and destruction it remained with property damage. "
Background:
The Canary Islands were formed by volcanism and, in their recent geological past, showed morphological and structural changes, such as large explosions, landslides on entire island flanks, or even calderas. Seven of the eight islands (all except La Gomera) can be described as volcanically active. The islands are real giants: between one million and twenty million years old, they rise up to 3715 m above sea level. The much larger part, however, is underwater and even locally depresses the ocean crust. This means that the volcanoes of the Canary Islands often have a diameter of more than a hundred kilometers. Like the tip of an iceberg, La Palma juts out of the sea.
Illustrations:
Fig. 1: 11524
BU_de:
The task force of the GFZ in front of the lava flow of the Cumbre Vieja on La Palma on October 5th, 2021: Dr. Nicole Richter, Dr. Alina Shevchenko and Carla Valenzuela Malebran. (Photo: GFZ-Taskforce, German GeoFoschungsZentrum GFZ)
Link:
https: //media.gfz-potsdam.de/gfz/wv/pm/21/11524_La-Palma-Okt-2021_GFZ-Task-Force ...
Fig. 2 : 11525
BU_de:
Eruption of the Cumbre Vieja high above a populated area. (Photo: GFZ-Taskforce, German GeoFoschungsZentrum GFZ)
Link:
https: //media.gfz-potsdam.de/gfz/wv/pm/21/11525_La-Palma-Okt-2021_GFZ-Task-Force ...
Fig. 3 : 11526
BU_de:
Eruption of the Cumbre Vieja at night: Glowing sky over La Palma. (Photo: GFZ Taskforce, GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences)
Link:
https: //media.gfz-potsdam.de/gfz/wv/pm/21/11526_La-Palma-Okt-2021_GFZ-Task-Force ...
Fig. 4: 11527
BU_de:
La Palma and the location of the lava flow of the Cumbre Vieja on October 3, 2021. (Fig .: Produced from ESA remote sensing data / Copernicus)
Link:
https://media.gfz-potsdam.de/gfz/wv/pm/2...oogleEarth. jp ...
https://idw-online.de/de/news777295?fbcl...SbHLqgKM_k
2 users say Thank You to jand for this post
There are three large magma deposits under the volcano ′′
′′ The volcano has no visos of ending tomorrow or in a week ", says geologist Nieves Sanchez, who is part of the Geological and Mining Institute of Spain (IGME-CSIC). With experience on the ground in volcanoes in Guatemala and San Vincent Island, he believes the volcano is 'loading', tells the newspaper El País.
That thought is based on the earthquakes still under La Palma Island, a fact that the geologist considers key to discarding the end of the short-term eruption. He is also part of the Pevolca Scientific Committee (Volcanic Emergency Plan of the Canary Islands), where he states that ′′ the volcano has no visas of ending tomorrow or the day after or in a week ".
What does the data say
According to Sanchez, ′′ The volcano has no visos of finishing tomorrow or the day after or in a week. Activity changes a lot from day to day, the cone is built first and then destroyed. In the last few days we are rewatching deeper seismicity. This can mean a new magma input into the system. It could be reactivating, although we have to wait to confirm it with observation from outside. My opinion is that it will stay erupting for a while, we don't know how much we can't say it until Earthquake patterns and terrain deformation change. In some GPS we've seen a stabilization of deformation, but not a clear drop. We depend on that new magma entry to continue or stop ".
To this data, three magma deposits are added, the deepest at 30 km, the other at 10 km and 4 km. That reservation can be moved between deposits, or go straight out. ′′ Here's what we think based on the thousands of earthquakes recorded at different depths from 2017 to now and the type of lava that's coming out ".
2 users say Thank You to jand for this post
Another M4.1 at 07:25 and a M3.9 at 07:16..
4.1 mbLg SW VILLA DE MAZO.ILP
2021/10/12 07:25:05
37
3.9 mbLg NE FUENCALIENTE DE LA PALMA.IL
2021/10/12 07:16:50IV
12
http://www.ign.es/web/resources/volcanol..._KxSOqQ0A8
2 users say Thank You to jand for this post
New flows increase the destruction of the volcano
Since last Saturday the north face of the Cumbre Vieja volcanic cone collapsed, in La Palma, the effusive and eruptive activity of the volcano has increased, and that greater contribution of lava and the great fluidity of the flows have raised the affected area to 595 hectares, four more than this Monday.
According to the report published this Tuesday by the Government's Department of Homeland Security (DSN), the most active wash is currently the one located further north.
While one of its branches advances towards the sea (300 meters), the other originated this Monday the combustion of hydrocarbons as it passed through a cement factory , which forced the confinement of some 3,500 people in areas of El Paso and Los Llanos de Aridane.
In addition, access by Tazacorte to the evacuated areas was prohibited until the evolution of the volcanic emergency north of the Todoque mountain is studied.
According to the emergency center 112 of the Canary Islands, the confinement will be maintained until new valuation this Tuesday due to the advance of a wash in the Callejón de la Gata industrial zone , which could affect more warehouses and cause new combustion and gas emanations that could be dangerous.
In any case, according to the DSN report , all the washes move through the evacuated exclusion zone.
Along with the sulfur dioxide cloud, there is a significant amount of volcanic ash that moves in an easterly direction due to high winds, although the dioxide values are below the risk threshold.
Seismicity also continues and in the last hours an Earthquake of magnitude 4.1 has been registered and whose center was at a depth of 13 kilometers.
For their part, the Canarian airports are operational , although the airlines are canceling flights to La Palma.
This Monday the mixed commission between administrations met to coordinate the reconstruction plan of La Palma, where the last part of the damage was as follows: 591 hectares covered by lava, 1,520 meters of maximum width of the wash, 753 buildings destroyed ( 620 of them are homes) and 150 hectares of cultivation under the magma.
The President of the Government, Pedro Sánchez, has scheduled a new visit to La Palma for this Wednesday, which will be the fourth.
Sánchez will present new measures to support the sectors affected by the eruption on the island, charged to the 206 million euros approved by the Council of Ministers, and will participate in the meeting of the steering committee of the Special Plan of Civil Protection against Volcanic Risk of Canary (Pevolca).
https://www.canarias7.es/canarias/la-pal...%B3n&vli=_
2 users say Thank You to jand for this post
(11-10-2021, 07:01 PM)TamaraEnLaPlaya Wrote: I would have thought that in the space of 3 weeks, the fertilisers from the agri plantations and the chemicals from the cement works, could have been removed to another part of the island for safety!
Do not be silly Tamara, that would involve logic. 
3 users say Thank You to Johnrgby for this post
|
![[-]](https://fuerteventura.click/images/collapse.png "[-]")