Volcanic activity in Canary Islands 2021

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Thermographic video taken yesterday at 13.00 Canary time yesterday in Tacande.

https://www.facebook.com/INVOLCAN/videos...7648961367

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Video taken yesterday evening.


https://www.facebook.com/INVOLCAN/videos...2579056419

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The human footprint left by the Lanzarote volcano in Fuerteventura
It is estimated that some 2,000 people had to take refuge in the Maxorata fleeing the volcanic eruptions of Timanfaya in Lanzarote


In June 1731 Luisa de Betancort, a neighbor of Masdache (Lanzarote) and widow of Captain Lorenzo de Ayala, said that, because of "the sands of the volcanoes", she had lost all her assets and those of her husband "so that with the poverty that has remained and the very long family with which she finds herself without any remedy forcing her to leave the island on Juan de Acosta's boat ”. With no Money to embark, she asked to do it "in the way that is possible for her as a mother or guardian."

Their testimony, collected in a notarial protocol of the time, must have been similar to that of the thousands of Lanzarote residents who emigrated to other islands fleeing from the virulence of the volcano, which erupted from 1730 to 1736. About 2,000 emigrated to nearby Fuerteventura , many clandestinely.

On September 1, 1730, the volcano began to expel lava. No one should have imagined that this spectacle of nature would end up lasting six years and devastating villages, which were home to 25 percent of the population, around 2,000 people. El Chupadero, Chimanfaya, Tingafa, Santa Catalina, Mancha Blanca ...

Piers such as Janubio and, above all, extensive plains such as Vegas del Boiajo or Iguadén, which until then had helped to generate wealth and quell the hunger of its people, were left under the lava. They were the Todoque of the time.

The Canarian historian José de Viera y Clavijo summed up that catastrophe of nature describing it in this way: “The fire ran through the places of Tingafa, Mancha Blanca, Maretas, Santa Catalina ..., destroying them all and covering with its sands, lava, ashes and gravel from Asomada, Iñaguadén, Gerias, Macintafe, San Andrés ... The noise of those explosions was so loud that it could be heard in Tenerife, even though it was 40 leagues from Lanzarote ”.

While the residents of La Palma have been waiting in suspense since last September 19 for the Cumbre Vieja volcano to give them a truce and they can return to "the new normal" that the passage of lava allows them, the historian Pedro Quintana Andrés explains how One of the direct consequences of the Timanfaya eruption was emigration to the islands of Gran Canaria, Tenerife and La Palma, with which Lanzarote had had commercial relations at other times, and especially to Fuerteventura.

It is estimated that around 2,000 people, some clandestinely, emigrated to Majorera lands. "They settle mainly in the north, in the La Oliva area, because many thought it was an eruption that was going to stop in a short time and they could soon return to their island," explains the researcher.

The archaeologist José de León has dedicated part of his life as a researcher to following the footprints that the Timanfaya volcano left on the landscape of Lanzarote and its people. From those hours of kicking through the buried villages and the registration in documents of the time, his doctoral thesis emerged: Lanzarote under the volcano. The reconstruction of the territory, the potential resources and the built infrastructure covered by the volcanic eruptions of the 18th century on the island of Lanzarote .

De León explains to Diario de Fuerteventura how, at first, the Lanzarote authorities prohibited its inhabitants from leaving "so as not to leave the island depopulated, for fear of attacks and invasions by pirates." To this was added the fear of the ruling classes that the exodus of the population would produce the disarticulation of their productive organization in the midst of the crisis.

Those who fled from Timanfaya settled, above all, in the north of the island

However, the volcanic eruption was "so strong that they came out clandestinely." And they did it towards Fuerteventura, where there had historically been a population transfer from one side of the La Bocaina Strait to the other.

Finally, popular pressure and that exerted by the Royal Audience of the Canary Islands allowed the neighborhood to leave for Fuerteventura. Later, there were migrations to America and even Madeira, where it seems that there was an organized evacuation.

Those displaced to Fuerteventura settled mainly in the north, near the island's ports for a possible return when the volcano fell asleep again. They began to live in La Oliva, Vallebrón, Villaverde, Los Lajares, Tetir, La Matilla ...

Some, faced with the job prospects that other parts of the Island presented or because friends and family settled there, ended up residing in places like Antigua, Betancuria or Pájara.

The archaeologist explains how, years before the eruption, there was a significant emigration of Majoreros to Lanzarote. With the outbreak of the volcano, they went en masse to Fuerteventura and repopulated or created other towns. Villages that hardly existed until that moment, such as La Caldereta, Piedra Hincada or Huriame, are listed as settlements at that time.

"All that area increases its population through the people who come from Lanzarote", assures the also inspector of Historical Heritage of the Cabildo de Gran Canaria.

Local "rejection"

On the other side of La Bocaina, in Fuerteventura, the arrival of an important contingent of people must have, at first, worried the island's authorities. Quintana Andrés clarifies that it is a population that arrives at an extreme moment with a situation that "provokes the rejection of a part of the population and of the institutions for not having enough elements to face the arrival of needy poor".

"Those who had economic possibilities due to their personal relationships with other rich people had the possibility of staying in a house", but possibly there were those who did not and, in the end, "all this was understood as a problem of public order," he explains.

In the end, the condition was for the immigrants to move with belongings and grain, the only way to avoid possible altercations and uncontrolled riots with the island's neighbors, punished by misery and now joined by a wandering and frightened population.

Many of the Lanzaroteños embarked with all their livestock on their backs

An act of the Cabildo Majorero collects in 1732, in a verbatim way, how “families and cattle pass by, which are already quasi in number, as well as the neighbors as well as those who have won, as well as the own of this island of whose concurrence it is expected that if next year is absent God forbid, a great fatality is expected ”(sic).

The emigrants, as cited by De León and Quintana Andrés in their article Incidences on forced emigration in the Canary Islands: Lanzaroteños in Fuerteventura between 1725-174 0, “were also exposed to the arbitrariness of the owners, merchants and skippers of ships who saw in this displacement a source of notable income, thanks to the introduction of abusive prices in the sale of supplies and in transport ”.


One of the people who fled to Fuerteventura to protect themselves from the virulence of the volcano was the landowner Bernabé Gutiérrez with a house and bakery in Mancha Blanca and properties in Chimanfaya. After the cessation of the eruption, Bernabé would end up returning to Lanzarote around 1740. Some had to travel with a change of clothes, a spoon and a wooden plate. Others with their belongings and Money.

Quintana Andrés, after years consulting archives, explains that “there were people who traveled with capital. We have come across cases of people in Lanzarote who sold their land to their neighbors three days before the volcano took them away ”.

Upon their arrival in Fuerteventura, those who had capital had to buy land or houses, substitutes for everything that the volcano took away. Most of them settled on the island momentarily, although there were some who, after losing everything in Lanzarote, decided to take Fuerteventura as their residence until the end of their days. "On the island, they continued doing the work they did in Lanzarote, which was cereal or caring for livestock," says the researcher.

Volcano and births

In the boats that left Lanzarote for Fuerteventura, ranchers traveled who, desperately, loaded their cattle onto the boat. In 1732, the island's authorities commissioned a bait, "there are many unmarked and mostly now with the amount that have been transported from the island of Lanzarote, which do not have marks to recognize their owners", so "It is agreed that the corresponding arrangements are made and the rights are charged for those collected."

The authorities were concerned about the increase in population

The arrival of Lanzarote residents would soon have its consequences on the island's population statistics, especially in La Oliva. Pedro Quintana Andrés has studied the parish archives of La Oliva. According to the data provided by the baptism books, it is observed that the number of baptized in the period between 1725 and 1740 experienced a spectacular rise from the year 1731, date that coincides with the beginning of the volcanic eruption.

“The birth movement was closely linked to the volcanological process. Thus, a recrudescence of this produced a displacement of the affected population and a subsidence of the volcano generated a return of the displaced ”, he points out.

In this way, in 1731 76 baptisms were registered and the following year 104 of which 32 percent were of children whose parents, or at least one of them, were neighbors of Lanzarote. Another of the municipalities in which the people of Lanzarote settle is Betancuria, where that year there is an increase in baptisms until reaching 21.

https://www.diariodelanzarote.com/notici...JanTsYkgsU

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https://www.diariodelanzarote.com/sites/...980654.jpg

[TamaraEnLaPlaya]

Thanks for the article re people from LZ coming to FV Jand, as a result of the Timanfaya eruption, very interesting!

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La Palma volcano eruption rises to level 3
This does not mean that there is greater explosiveness or that there is any variation in the strombolian mechanism of the natural phenomenon.

The Scientific Committee has reassessed the magnitude of the eruption of the La Palma volcano , which has gone from a value of two (out of a total of eight) to three, without this implying that there is greater explosiveness or that there is any variation in the mechanism strombolian of the natural phenomenon.

At a press conference, the IGN volcanologist, Carmen López, recalled that the magnitude can be established on a scale from zero to eight that is calculated from the volume of pyroclastic material emitted.

"Given that 10 million cubic meters of emitted pyroclastic material have been exceeded," he said, "it goes from value two to value three, and it does not imply that the eruptive mechanism has changed, which is still strombolian effusive fissure".

Likewise, he stressed that there is no change in the explosiveness of the eruption, which remains with the same characteristics as during the entire process.

https://diariodeavisos.elespanol.com/202...ign=589661

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The eruption passes to VEI-3, as our experts announced days ago. The large quantity of fallen ash clearly indicated the passage to this level, after a reassessment by the PEVOLCA committee. The VEI-3 does not indicate that the rash is getting worse or that its behavior changes.

https://twitter.com/involcan/status/1462074882594906112

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20/11/2021 21:30h Canary Islands. - ERUPTION OF LA PALMA ISLAND. - DAY 63- MORE SISMICITY AND SIGNS OF DEEP NEW CONTRIBUTIONS. - SEEMS LIKE A SECOND ERUPTION WITHOUT ENDING THE FIRST. The volcanic system was calming down, there were no deep contributions, one could predict an end, as long as what happened won't happen, a deep piece of magma contribution, a new eruption, without finishing the first. I'm going to part ways why I say this.

SISMICITY: After large deep earthquakes occur, one of the important details is that many consecutive earthquakes occur, without being a spasmodic tremor if a lot of small earthquakes occur that indicate something that has been abie rto and the magma moves and tries to close, that is, indicating the faucet opening. As the whole system, including the reservoir at 35-40km is pressurized and has an exit, the magma goes to that exit, that is the erupting point and therefore new magma that is headed to the lowest levels.

But there is more, fare that this pulse of magma is important, has already reached 10 km, where is the reservoir in the form of crushed cushion or pizza which I always mean as a "dique horizontal" or sill and is causing changes on the island and sis childhood, standing out a 4 to 10 km, an overpressure blowing the island in the area below this reservoir, this is the GPS stations of LP06 and the Mazo.

es2021wttbo 20/11/2021 19:20:06 28.5623 -17.8248 35.0 km
III M 4.2 mbLg SW MARCH VILLA. ILP
es2021wtbfu 20/11/2021 10:19:36 28.5889 -17.8202 37.0 km
IV-V M 4.6 mbLg SW MAZO VILLA. ILP
es2021wsucv 20/11/2021 06:42:48 28.5627 -17.8362 10.0 km
IV M 4.0 mbLg NE PALM FUENCALENT. THE
es2021wsmyt 20/11/2021 03:07:00 28.5608 -17.8263 37.0 km
IV M 4.6 mbLg SW MARCH VILLA. ILP

DEFORMATION: This reservoir that gets bigger and more inflated, this is the GPS stations of LP06 and the Mazo. Works like a hydraulic cat, the magma enters through a small gap and lifts that area of the island with the same principle.

But this is not all, this reservoir has a relief or pressure valve by which the magma goes to the eruptive point or the proper volcano and when going up, passes very close to the LP03, sensor that swells like a vein when it has more pr sitting... . . today marks 9cm... that means a lot of magma is coming, and the volcano gives us more material, more power and more in general. hopefully the plumbing system holds up, but if it goes up that much, it wouldn't be weird for me to open a new mouth or transmission point.

TERROR, ASH AND VOLCANO:

With this view, the tremor rises, going more magma and faster, it has even been ranked to VEI3 by throwing more than 10 million cubic meters of ash, that if the water will now enter less, which does not remove anything between or is incorporated, so Notary that the ash is thicker with less water and less sting, but although it has more climbing power, it makes less noise.

In the cone there are changes, you can see the original eruptive point and you can see the magma and you can see that you want to go north, it's a matter of time, so you don't expect anything good for the Laguna area in the next few days, bad thing. By the way it has thrown a lot of ash that has been mixed with rain forming white precipitation in many places, carbonated surely.

LAVA NECKLACE:

As for the coladas, more of the same at the moment, lava continues to go down by the system of pipes and lava canals up to the delta by the 15B colada and there is another arm that has developed more north than yesterday marked it and that has advanced a little more. But to the north develops many more arms, fortunately floods without much continuity that after traveling a few hundred meters, even a couple of kilometers are stopped due to lack of supply of material at the end of a time. We'll see how it develops, but the area between both the mountains of Todoque and La Laguna will continue to receive contributions in the next few days.

VIEW OF THE NECKLACE FROM THE AIR TODAY. - IGME

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tzVkgmUfzmE

I'm very attached to the exams and more things that barely give me time, for now we can only wait to see what the volcano does, we're passing the full moon and see if there's luck and can come out of the existing point without generating new prob more by appearance of new emission points further northwest, certainly less than 500m from the base of the cone lined up with current eruptive points, we'll see what happens. (Enrique)

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